YANG Jun's clinical experience of acupuncture for oculomotor paralysis / 中国针灸

Professor YANG Jun's clinical experience of acupuncture and moxibustion for oculomotor paralysis is summarized. Professor YANG Jun pays attention to disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation in the treatment of this disease. According to the characteristics of oculomotor paralysis, "early diagnosis and seeking treatment from the source" is advocated. According to the etiology and pathogenesis, professor YANG divides oculomotor paralysis into three types: the syndrome of wind-evil attacking collaterals, the syndrome of spleen-stomach weakness and the syndrome of qi-deficiency and blood-stasis. As such, the acupoints are selected according to syndrome differentiation, and several different acupuncture methods (pricking needling at eyelids, penetrating needling and lifting eyelids and contralateral- balance needling on the healthy side) are adopted to improve the symptoms of oculomotor paralysis. It is also suggested to use the combination of scalp acupuncture and electroacupuncture to achieve the best dose-effect state. Moreover, local stimulation around the eyes is important to achieve the effects of "qi reaching affected area".

Radiographic study on joint space changes of patients with anterior disc displacement of temporomandibular disorders / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the temporomandibular joint space and condylar position on transcranial projections between the patients with anterior disc displacement (ADD) and the healthy controls. To investigate the diagnostic value of the condylar position for the ADD patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>120 joints of 120 ADD patients and 30 joints of healthy adults, who were taken transcranial projections, were included in this study. The transcranial projections were scanned with precise scanning apparatus and saved as joint photographic group image. The joint spaces were measured with the software of Auto CAD. Two different quantitative methods of joint space measurement, ZHANG Zhen-kang's method and Kamelchuk's method, were used based on the transcranial projections. The ln(P/A) values were calculated (P:width of the posterior joint space; A: width of the anterior joint space). Concentric position of the condyle was defined if ln(P/A) value was between -0.25 and +0.25. If ln(P/A) was larger than +0.25, the condylar position was defined as anteriorly eccentric. Posteriorly eccentric position was indicated when ln(P/A) value was lower than -0.25. The results were compared and software SPSS 12.0 was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results of the two linear measurement methods demonstrated that the superior and posterior joint spaces of the ADD patients were narrower than those of the healthy controls significantly (P < 0.05), while the anterior joint spaces of the ADD patients had no significant differences with those of the controls (P > 0.05). In addition, there were significant differences in ln(P/A) values of joint spaces between the patients with ADD patients and the controls (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Posterior position of the condyle could be a sign of existence of ADD, but ADD could not be diagnosed only by the posterior condyle position showed on the transcranial projections because of the variation of the condylar position.</p>

Cone beam computed tomography in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical use of cone beam dental CT in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight cases diagnosed as temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis (OA) and disk displacement with or without reduction accompanied by OA changes were included, and a total of 96 joints received both trans-pharyngeal radiography and cone beam CT (CBCT) examination. The detectable rate for OA radiographic changes was compared between the two examinations.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The radiographic appearances of osteoarthrotic condyle included six types: loss of the lamina dura density of condyle surface (type I), destructive and erosive bone changes (type II), flattening of the articular surface (type III), sclerosis (type IV), osteophytes (type V), and false cyst change (type VI). The detectable ratio of CBCT for all types of osteoarthrosis was 65.63%, 37.50%, 27.08%, 31.25%, 28.13%, 1.04%, respectively, and the detectable ratio of trans-pharyngeal radiographs was 52.08%, 19.79%, 32.29%, 23.96%, 12.50%, 2.08% respectively. Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility for type I and type II was in good agreement with both the trans-pharyngeal radiographs and CBCT, Kappa > 0.60.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CBCT had higher detectable rates for pathological changes of osteoarthrosis, and could show the exact location, size, and the types of pathological changes. CBCT may be used as a measure in evaluating disease severity and progression, and in clinical trials of disease treatment.</p>

Clinical investigation of impacted maxillary canine / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the frequency, sex differences and location of impacted maxillary canine in orthodontic patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and fifteen patients (77 males and 138 females) with maxillary canine impaction were included in the study. The experimental group was gathered from the Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. CT scan images were evaluated. Chi-square test was used in the analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence of maxillary canine impaction among Chinese orthodontic patients was 2.05%. The ratio between male and female was 1.8:1 and the ratio between buccal and palatal location was 2.1:1. Surgical exposure and orthodontic alignment had been predominant in such conditions. There was significant deference in the treatment between palatally impacted canine and buccally impacted one. More palatally impacted canines were extracted than buccally impacted ones.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There was significant difference in the treatment of maxillary canine impaction. More buccally impacted canines were found in Chinese patients, especially in female patients.</p>